Iminara yohereza imirongo ni inyubako ndende ikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Imiterere yimiterere yabo ishingiye cyane cyane muburyo butandukanye bwimiterere ya truss. Abagize iyi minara bagizwe ahanini nicyuma kimwe kiringaniye cyangwa ibyuma bifatanye. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa ni Q235 (A3F) na Q345 (16Mn).
Isano iri hagati yabanyamuryango ikorwa hifashishijwe ibinini, bihuza ibice binyuze mumashanyarazi. Umunara wose wubatswe mubyuma bifatika, uhuza ibyuma, na bolts. Bimwe mubice bigize buriwese, nkibishingwe by umunara, birasudira hamwe kuva kumasahani menshi yicyuma kugirango bibe bigize ibice. Igishushanyo cyemerera gushiramo imbaraga zo gukingira ruswa, bigatuma ubwikorezi no guteranya ibyubaka byoroha cyane.
Iminara yohereza imirongo irashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa ukurikije imiterere n'intego. Mubisanzwe, bigabanyijemo ibice bitanu: bikozwe nigikombe, umutwe-injangwe, ishusho igororotse, ishusho ya kantileveri, na barriel. Ukurikije imikorere yabo, barashobora gushyirwa muminara yuburemere, iminara igororotse, iminara, iminara ihindura icyiciro (kugirango uhindure imyanya yabatwara), iminara yanyuma, niminara yambuka.
Iminara igororotse: Ibi bikoreshwa mubice bigororotse byumurongo.
Tension Towers: Ibi byashizweho kugirango bikemure impagarara mu bayobora.
Inguni ya Angle: Ibi bishyirwa kumurongo aho umurongo wohereza uhindura icyerekezo.
Iminara yo Kwambuka: Iminara yo hejuru yashyizweho kumpande zombi yikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyambukiranya kugirango harebwe neza.
Icyiciro-Guhindura Iminara: Izi zishyirwaho mugihe gisanzwe kugirango ziringanize impedance yabatwara batatu.
Iminara ya Terminal: Ibi biherereye kumurongo uhuza imirongo yohereza no gusimbuza.
Ubwoko bushingiye kubikoresho byubatswe
Iminara yohereza imirongo ikozwe cyane cyane mubiti bikozwe neza na minara yicyuma. Bashobora kandi gushyirwa muminara yunganira hamwe niminara yumusore ukurikije uko imiterere ihagaze.
Uhereye kumirongo isanzwe yohereza mubushinwa, birasanzwe gukoresha iminara yicyuma kurwego rwa voltage iri hejuru ya 110kV, mugihe inkingi za beto zishimangirwa zikoreshwa muburyo bwa voltage iri munsi ya 66kV. Insinga z'abasore zikoreshwa mukuringaniza imizigo ikurikira hamwe nuburemere mubayobora, bikagabanya umwanya wo kunama munsi yumunara. Uku gukoresha insinga zumusore birashobora kandi kugabanya gukoresha ibikoresho no kugabanya igiciro rusange cyumurongo wohereza. Iminara ya Guyed irasanzwe cyane mubutaka bubi.
Guhitamo ubwoko bwimiterere nuburyo bigomba gushingira kubiharuro byujuje ibyangombwa byamashanyarazi mugihe urebye urwego rwa voltage, umubare wumuzunguruko, terrain, nubuzima bwa geologiya. Nibyingenzi guhitamo ifaranga ikwiranye numushinga wihariye, amaherezo ugahitamo igishushanyo cyateye imbere mubuhanga ndetse nubukungu bukoresheje isesengura rigereranya.
Imirongo yohereza irashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa hashingiwe kuburyo bwo kuyishyiraho mumirongo yohereza hejuru, imirongo yohereza amashanyarazi, hamwe nicyuma gikingiwe na gaze.
Imirongo yohereza hejuru: Mubisanzwe bakoresha imiyoboro idafite ubwonko, idashyigikiwe niminara hasi, hamwe nabayobora bahagarikwa kuminara bakoresheje insulator.
Imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi: Muri rusange ishyingurwa mu nsi cyangwa igashyirwa mu miyoboro ya kabili cyangwa tunel, igizwe n'insinga hamwe n'ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gufasha, n'ibikoresho byashyizwe ku nsinga.
Imiyoboro ya gaz-Yashizwemo Ibyuma (GIL): Ubu buryo bukoresha inkoni zitwara ibyuma kugirango zandurwe, zifunze rwose mugikonoshwa cyicyuma. Ikoresha gaze ya gaze (mubisanzwe gaze ya SF6) kugirango ikingirwe, irinde umutekano n'umutekano mugihe cyohereza.
Bitewe nigiciro kinini cyinsinga na GIL, imirongo myinshi yohereza kuri ubu ikoresha imirongo yo hejuru.
Imirongo yohereza irashobora kandi gushyirwa mubyiciro bya voltage murwego rwo hejuru, imbaraga zidasanzwe, hamwe na ultra-high voltage imirongo. Mu Bushinwa, urugero rwa voltage kumirongo yohereza harimo: 35kV, 66kV, 110kV, 220kV, 330kV, 500kV, 750kV, 1000kV, ± 500kV, ± 660kV, ± 800kV, na 1100kV.
Ukurikije ubwoko bwikwirakwizwa, imirongo irashobora gushyirwa mumirongo ya AC na DC:
Imirongo ya AC:
Umuyoboro mwinshi (HV) Imirongo: 35 ~ 220kV
Umurongo Winshi Winshi (EHV) Imirongo: 330 ~ 750kV
Ultra High Voltage (UHV) Imirongo: Hejuru ya 750kV
Imirongo ya DC:
Umuyoboro mwinshi (HV) Imirongo: ± 400kV, ± 500kV
Ultra High Voltage (UHV) Imirongo: ± 800kV no hejuru
Mubisanzwe, nubushobozi bunini bwo kohereza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, niko urwego rwa voltage urwego rukoreshwa. Gukoresha ultra-high voltage yamashanyarazi birashobora kugabanya neza igihombo cyumurongo, kugabanya igiciro kuri buri gice cyubushobozi bwogukwirakwiza, kugabanya imirimo yubutaka, no guteza imbere ibidukikije, bityo bigakoresha neza koridoro yohereza kandi bigatanga inyungu zubukungu n’imibereho myiza.
Ukurikije umubare wumuzunguruko, imirongo irashobora gushyirwa mubice nkumuzunguruko umwe, imirongo ibiri, cyangwa imirongo myinshi.
Ukurikije intera iri hagati yabayobora icyiciro, imirongo irashobora gushyirwa mubice nkumurongo usanzwe cyangwa imirongo yegeranye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-31-2024
